Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

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Table of contents provided by Syndetics

• Preface
• 1 The AIDS Epidemic (p. 2)
• Looking Ahead (p. 2)
• Introduction (p. 2)
• The Early Years (p. 2)
• The First Observations (p. 3)
• The Breakthrough (p. 8)
• Another AIDS Virus (p. 10)
• A Pandemic (p. 12)
• Origin of the AIDS Epidemic (p. 13)
• The Origin of HIV (p. 14)
• The Jump to Humans (p. 16)
• Out of Africa (p. 18)
• Entry into the United States (p. 19)
• The First Decades and Beyond (p. 21)
• Two Decades of AIDS (p. 21)
• AIDS in the Twenty-First Century (p. 24)
• Looking Back (p. 25)
• 2 Viruses and HIV (p. 30)
• Looking Ahead (p. 30)
• Introduction (p. 30)
• Structure of Viruses and HIV (p. 31)
• Replication of Viruses and HIV (p. 36)
• Adsorption (p. 37)
• Penetration and Infection (p. 40)
• Lysogeny of HIV (p. 42)
• HIV Activation and Release (p. 44)
• Cell Destruction (p. 45)
• The HIV Genome (p. 48)
• Nine Genes (p. 48)
• Three Groups of HIV (p. 50)
• Inhibiting Viruses (p. 51)
• Looking Back (p. 53)
• 3 The Immune System and HIV (p. 58)
• Looking Ahead (p. 58)
• Introduction (p. 58)
• Development of the Immune System (p. 60)
• Antigens (p. 64)
• The Immune Process (p. 65)
• Cell-Mediated Immunity (p. 65)
• Antibody-Mediated Immunity (p. 68)
• HIV and the Immune System (p. 71)
• The Focus of HIV (p. 74)
• The Effects of HIV (p. 77)
• Looking Back (p. 80)
• 4 Defining and Recognizing AIDS (p. 84)
• Looking Ahead (p. 84)
• Introduction (p. 84)
• The Case Definition (p. 85)
• HIV Infection (p. 86)
• AIDS-Related Complex (p. 90)
• Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (p. 94)
• The CDC Stages of Disease (p. 95)
• The Walter Reed Classification System (p. 97)
• HIV Wasting Syndrome (p. 98)
• AIDS-Dementia Complex (p. 98)
• Kaposi's Sarcoma (p. 100)
• Opportunistic Diseases (p. 103)
• Pediatric AIDS (p. 108)
• Looking Back (p. 111)
• 5 The Epidemiology of AIDS (p. 114)
• Looking Ahead (p. 114)
• Introduction (p. 114)
• AIDS and the Epidemiologist (p. 115)
• The Spreading Epidemic (p. 117)
• The Fragility of HIV (p. 120)
• AIDS in Homosexual Men (p. 121)
• AIDS in Injection Drug Users (p. 124)
• AIDS in Heterosexuals (p. 125)
• AIDS in Women (p. 128)
• AIDS in Newborns (p. 130)
• AIDS in Africa (p. 135)
• AIDS in the World (p. 138)
• Other Transmission Methods (p. 141)
• How AIDS Is Not Transmitted (p. 142)
• Improbable Transmission (p. 142)
• The Mosquito Connection (p. 144)
• AIDS in Schools and Colleges (p. 144)
• Looking Back (p. 147)
• 6 Preventing HIV Transmission (p. 152)
• Looking Ahead (p. 152)
• Introduction (p. 152)
• Personal Protection (p. 153)
• Safer Sex Practices (p. 155)
• For Injection Drug Users (p. 159)
• Protecting Health Care Workers (p. 162)
• Universal Precautions (p. 163)
• Invasive Procedures (p. 164)
• Dentistry (p. 165)
• Autopsy and Embalming (p. 166)
• Medical Laboratories (p. 167)
• Decontamination Procedures (p. 168)
• Exposures to HIV (p. 169)
• Protecting Public Safety Workers (p. 172)
• Fire and Emergency Medical Services (p. 173)
• Law Enforcement Officers (p. 175)
• AIDS Education in the Schools (p. 177)
• Looking Back (p. 179)
• 7 HIV Testing and Diagnosis (p. 184)
• Looking Ahead (p. 184)
• Introduction (p. 184)
• HIV Antibody Tests (p. 185)
• Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) (p. 186)
• Western Blot Analysis (p. 188)
• False Positives and Negatives (p. 191)
• Other Antibody Tests (p. 193)
• Home and Simplified Tests (p. 194)
• HIV Antigen (Viral Load) Tests (p. 195)
• Gene Probes (p. 196)
• The Polymerase Chain Reaction (p. 197)
• Advantages of the Viral Load Test (p. 200)
• Protein and T-Lymphocyte Tests (p. 202)
• Implications of HIV Testing (p. 202)
• Mandatory Testing (p. 204)
• Voluntary Testing (p. 205)
• Looking Back (p. 207)
• 8 Treating HIV Infection and AIDS (p. 212)
• Looking Ahead (p. 212)
• Introduction (p. 213)
• General Principles of AIDS Treatment (p. 214)
• Objectives of Therapeutic Drugs (p. 214)
• Approaches to Drug Therapy (p. 216)
• Mutations and Other Considerations (p. 218)
• Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (p. 220)
• Azidothymidine (AZT) (p. 223)
• Other Dideoxynucleosides (p. 227)
• Nonnucleoside Analogs (p. 229)
• Other Therapeutic Agents (p. 230)
• Protease Inhibitors (p. 230)
• Fusion Inhibitors (p. 233)
• Entry Inhibitors (p. 237)
• Interleukin-2 (p. 238)
• Antisense Molecules (p. 239)
• Miscellaneous Therapeutic Agents (p. 240)
• Postexposure Prophylaxis (p. 243)
• Treating Opportunistic Diseases (p. 245)
• Pentamidine Isethionate (p. 245)
• Other Drugs (p. 246)
• Drug Development and Testing (p. 247)
• Drug Trials (p. 248)
• Key Questions about Drug Testing (p. 251)
• Alternative Therapies (p. 251)
• Bone Marrow Transplants (p. 252)
• Gene Therapy (p. 253)
• Thinking Well (p. 254)
• Looking Back (p. 255)
• 9 An AIDS Vaccine (p. 260)
• Looking Ahead (p. 260)
• Introduction (p. 260)
• General Vaccine Strategies (p. 262)
• Types of Vaccine (p. 263)
• AIDS Vaccine Strategies (p. 265)
• Sterilizing and Therapeutic Vaccines (p. 266)
• AIDS Subunit Vaccines (p. 267)
• Viable-Vector Vaccines (p. 271)
• A Whole-Virus Vaccine (p. 272)
• DNA Vaccines (p. 274)
• Problems in Vaccine Development (p. 275)
• Complexity of HIV (p. 275)
• Economic Issues (p. 276)
• Lack of Animal Models (p. 277)
• Vaccine Trials (p. 279)
• Issues to Consider (p. 280)
• The Race to Vaccine (p. 282)
• Looking Back (p. 283)
• 10 AIDS in Perspective (p. 288)
• Looking Ahead (p. 288)
• Introduction (p. 288)
• AIDS and Society (p. 289)
• AIDS in the Workplace (p. 292)
• Legal Issues (p. 295)
• Economic Issues (p. 298)
• AIDS and Medical Professionals (p. 303)
• Caring for the AIDS Patient (p. 305)
• Education and Terminology (p. 306)
• Home Care (p. 306)
• The Future of AIDS (p. 307)
• The Complexity of AIDS (p. 308)
• The Lessons of AIDS (p. 310)
• Looking Back (p. 311)
• Appendix A Answers to Review Questions (p. 316)
• Appendix B A Suggested Format for a 10-Session Course: The Biological Basis of AIDS (p. 317)
• Pronunciation Guide (p. 319)
• Glossary (p. 321)
• Index (p. 328)