Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

The Second Edition of this critically-acclaimed text continues the standard of excellence set in the first edition by providing a thorough introduction to the fundamentals of telecommunication networks without bogging you down in complex technical jargon or math. Although focusing on the basics, the book has been thoroughly updated with the latest advances in the field, including a new chapter on metropolitan area networks (MANs) and new sections on Mobile Fi, ZigBee and ultrawideband. You'll learn which choices are now available to an organization, how to evaluate them and how to develop strategies that achieve the best balance among cost, security and performance factors for voice, data, and image communication.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

• Preface (p. xxi)
• Chapter 1 Introductory Concepts (p. 1)
• 1.1 What Is Telecommunication? (p. 1)
• 1.2 Telecommunication Will Touch Everybody (p. 1)
• 1.3 Introductory Topics in Telecommunications (p. 2)
• 1.3.1 End-Users, Nodes, and Connectivities (p. 2)
• 1.3.2 Telephone Numbering and Routing (p. 6)
• 1.3.3 Use of Tandem Switches in a Local Area Connectivity (p. 7)
• 1.3.4 Busy Hour and Grade of Service (p. 7)
• 1.3.5 Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full Duplex (p. 9)
• 1.3.6 One-Way and Two-Way Circuits (p. 9)
• 1.3.7 Network Topologies (p. 10)
• 1.3.8 Variations in Traffic Flow (p. 14)
• 1.4 Quality of Service (p. 15)
• 1.5 Standardization in Telecommunications (p. 16)
• 1.6 Organization of the PSTN in the United States (p. 17)
• 1.6.1 Points of Presence (p. 17)
• Review Exercises (p. 18)
• References (p. 19)
• Chapter 2 Signals Convey Intelligence (p. 21)
• 2.1 Objective (p. 21)
• 2.2 Signals in Everyday Life (p. 21)
• 2.3 Basic Concepts of Electricity for Communications (p. 22)
• 2.3.1 Early Sources of Electrical Current (p. 22)
• 2.3.2 Electrical Telegraph: An Early Form of Long-Distance Communications (p. 23)
• 2.3.3 What Is Frequency? (p. 25)
• 2.4 Electrical Signals (p. 30)
• 2.4.1 Introduction to Transmission (p. 30)
• 2.4.2 Modulation (p. 31)
• 2.4.3 Binary Digital Signals (p. 33)
• 2.5 Introduction to Transporting Electrical Signals (p. 34)
• 2.5.1 Wire Pair (p. 34)
• 2.5.2 Coaxial Cable Transmission (p. 37)
• 2.5.3 Fiber Optic Cable (p. 38)
• 2.5.4 Radio Transmission (p. 38)
• Review Exercises (p. 40)
• References (p. 41)
• Chapter 3 Quality of Service and Telecommunication Impairments (p. 43)
• 3.1 Objective (p. 43)
• 3.2 Quality of Service: Voice, Data, and Image (p. 43)
• 3.2.1 Introduction to Signal-to-Noise Ratio (p. 43)
• 3.2.2 Voice Transmission (p. 44)
• 3.2.3 Data Circuits (p. 46)
• 3.2.4 Video (Television) (p. 47)
• 3.3 Three Basic Impairments and How They Affect the End-User (p. 47)
• 3.3.1 Amplitude Distortion (p. 47)
• 3.3.2 Phase Distortion (p. 48)
• 3.3.3 Noise (p. 50)
• 3.4 Level (p. 53)
• 3.4.1 Typical Levels (p. 53)
• 3.5 Echo and Singing (p. 54)
• Review Exercises (p. 54)
• References (p. 55)
• Chapter 4 Transmission and Switching: Cornerstones of a Network (p. 57)
• 4.1 Transmission and Switching Defined (p. 57)
• 4.2 Traffic Intensity Defines the Size of Switches and the Capacity of Transmission Links (p. 57)
• 4.2.1 Traffic Studies (p. 57)
• 4.2.2 Discussion of the Erlang and Poisson Traffic Formulas (p. 63)
• 4.2.3 Waiting Systems (Queueing) (p. 66)
• 4.2.4 Dimensioning and Efficiency (p. 66)
• 4.2.5 Quantifying Data Traffic (p. 71)
• 4.3 Introduction to Switching (p. 71)
• 4.3.1 Basic Switching Requirements (p. 71)
• 4.3.2 Concentration and Expansion (p. 72)
• 4.3.3 Essential Functions of a Local Switch (p. 73)
• 4.3.4 Some Introductory Switching Concepts (p. 75)
• 4.3.5 Early Automatic Switching Systems (p. 75)
• 4.3.6 Common Control (Hard-Wired) (p. 77)
• 4.3.7 Stored Program Control (p. 77)
• 4.3.8 Concentrators and Remote Switching (p. 79)
• 4.4 Some Essential Concepts in Transmission (p. 80)
• 4.4.1 Introduction (p. 80)
• 4.4.2 Two-Wire and Four-Wire Transmission (p. 80)
• 4.5 Introduction to Multiplexing (p. 83)
• 4.5.1 Definition (p. 83)
• 4.5.2 Frequency Division Multiplex (p. 84)
• 4.5.3 Pilot Tones (p. 87)
• 4.5.4 Comments on the Employment and Disadvantages of FDM Systems (p. 89)
• Review Exercises (p. 90)
• References (p. 92)
• Chapter 5 Transmission Aspects of Voice Telephony (p. 93)
• 5.1 Objective (p. 93)
• 5.2 Definition of the Voice Channel (p. 93)
• 5.2.1 Human Voice (p. 94)
• 5.3 Operation of a Telephone Subset (p. 94)
• 5.3.1 Subset Mouthpiece or Transmitter (p. 97)
• 5.3.2 Telephone Earpiece or Receiver (p. 97)
• 5.4 Subscriber Loop Design (p. 97)
• 5.4.1 Basic Design Considerations (p. 97)
• 5.4.2 Subscriber Loop Length Limits (p. 98)
• 5.4.3 Designing a Subscriber Loop (p. 99)
• 5.4.4 Extending the Subscriber Loop (p. 101)
• 5.4.5 "Cookbook" Design Methods for Subscriber Loops (p. 102)
• 5.4.6 Current North American Loop Design Rules (p. 105)
• 5.5 Design of Local Area Wire-Pair Trunks (Junctions) (p. 106)
• 5.5.1 Introduction (p. 106)
• 5.5.2 Inductive Loading of Wire-Pair Trunks (Junctions) (p. 106)
• 5.5.3 Local Trunk (Junction) Design Considerations (p. 107)
• 5.6 VF Repeaters (Amplifiers) (p. 108)
• Review Exercises (p. 108)
• References (p. 109)
• Chapter 6 Digital Networks (p. 111)
• 6.1 Introduction to Digital Transmission (p. 111)
• 6.1.1 Two Different PCM Standards (p. 112)
• 6.2 Basis of Pulse Code Modulation (p. 112)
• 6.2.1 Sampling (p. 112)
• 6.2.2 Quantization (p. 113)
• 6.2.3 Coding (p. 117)
• 6.3 PCM System Operation (p. 122)
• 6.4 Line Code (p. 123)
• 6.5 Signal-to-Gaussian-Noise Ratio on PCM Repeatered Lines (p. 124)
• 6.6 Regenerative Repeaters (p. 125)
• 6.7 PCM System Enhancements (p. 126)
• 6.7.1 Enhancements to DS1 (p. 126)
• 6.7.2 Enhancements to E1 (p. 126)
• 6.8 Higher-Order PCM Multiplex Systems (p. 127)
• 6.8.1 Introduction (p. 127)
• 6.8.2 Stuffing and Justification (p. 127)
• 6.8.3 North American Higher-Level Multiplex (p. 127)
• 6.8.4 European E1 Digital Hierarchy (p. 129)
• 6.9 Long-Distance PCM Transmission (p. 131)
• 6.9.1 Transmission Limitations (p. 131)
• 6.9.2 Jitter and Wander (p. 131)
• 6.9.3 Distortion (p. 132)
• 6.9.4 Thermal Noise (p. 132)
• 6.9.5 Crosstalk (p. 133)
• 6.10 Digital Loop Carrier (p. 133)
• 6.10.1 New Versions of DSL (p. 133)
• 6.11 Digital Switching (p. 133)
• 6.11.1 Advantages and Issues of Digital Switching (p. 133)
• 6.11.2 Approaches to PCM Switching (p. 134)
• 6.11.3 Review of Some Digital Switching Concepts (p. 140)
• 6.12 Digital Network (p. 142)
• 6.12.1 Introduction (p. 142)
• 6.12.2 Technical Requirements of the Digital Network (p. 143)
• 6.12.3 Digital Network Performance Requirements (p. 148)
• Review Exercises (p. 150)
• References (p. 152)
• Chapter 7 Signaling (p. 155)
• 7.1 What Is the Purpose of Signaling? (p. 155)
• 7.2 Defining the Functional Areas (p. 155)
• 7.2.1 Supervisory Signaling (p. 155)
• 7.2.2 Address Signaling (p. 156)
• 7.2.3 Call Progress-Audible-Visual (p. 156)
• 7.3 Signaling Techniques (p. 156)
• 7.3.1 Conveying Signaling Information (p. 156)
• 7.3.2 Evolution of Signaling (p. 157)
• 7.3.3 Subscriber Call Progress Tones and Push-Button Codes (North America) (p. 164)
• 7.4 Compelled Signaling (p. 164)
• 7.5 Concepts of Link-by-Link and End-to-End Signaling (p. 166)
• 7.6 Effects of Numbering on Signaling (p. 167)
• 7.7 Associated and Disassociated Channel Signaling (p. 168)
• 7.8 Signaling in the Subscriber Loop (p. 168)
• 7.8.1 Background and Purpose (p. 168)
• 7.9 Metallic Trunk Signaling (p. 171)
• 7.9.1 Basic Loop Signaling (p. 171)
• 7.9.2 Reverse-Battery Signaling (p. 172)
• Review Exercises (p. 173)
• References (p. 173)
• Chapter 8 Local and Long-Distance Networks (p. 175)
• 8.1 Objective (p. 175)
• 8.2 Makeup of the PSTN (p. 175)
• 8.2.1 Evolving Local Network (p. 175)
• 8.2.2 What Affects Local Network Design? (p. 176)
• 8.3 Design of Long-Distance Networks (p. 179)
• 8.3.1 Introduction (p. 179)
• 8.3.2 Three Design Steps (p. 179)
• 8.3.3 Link Limitation (p. 180)
• 8.3.4 Numbering Plan Areas (p. 182)
• 8.3.5 Exchange Location (p. 182)
• 8.3.6 Hierarchy (p. 182)
• 8.3.7 Network Design Procedures (p. 183)
• 8.4 Traffic Routing in a National Network (p. 188)
• 8.4.1 New Routing Techniques (p. 188)
• 8.4.2 Logic of Routing (p. 189)
• 8.4.3 Call-Control Procedures (p. 190)
• 8.4.4 Applications (p. 191)
• 8.5 Transmission Factors in Long-Distance Telephony (p. 194)
• 8.5.1 Introduction (p. 194)
• 8.5.2 Echo (p. 195)
• 8.5.3 Singing (p. 195)
• 8.5.4 Causes of Echo and Singing (p. 195)
• 8.5.5 Transmission Design to Control Echo and Singing (p. 198)
• 8.5.6 Introduction to Transmission-Loss Engineering (p. 198)
• 8.5.7 Loss Plan for Digital Networks (United States) (p. 200)
• Review Exercises (p. 201)
• References (p. 202)
• Chapter 9 Concepts in Transmission Transport (p. 203)
• 9.1 Objective (p. 203)
• 9.2 Radio Systems (p. 204)
• 9.2.1 Scope (p. 204)
• 9.2.2 Introduction to Radio Transmission (p. 204)
• 9.2.3 Line-of-Sight Microwave (p. 205)
• 9.2.4 Fades, Fading and Fade Margins (p. 221)
• 9.2.5 Diversity and Hot-Standby (p. 223)
• 9.2.6 Frequency Planning and Frequency Assignment (p. 225)
• 9.3 Satellite Communications (p. 225)
• 9.3.1 Introduction (p. 225)
• 9.3.2 Satellite (p. 226)
• 9.3.3 Three Basic Technical Problems (p. 226)
• 9.3.4 Frequency Bands: Desirable and Available (p. 228)
• 9.3.5 Multiple Access to a Communication Satellite (p. 228)
• 9.3.6 Earth Station Link Engineering (p. 231)
• 9.3.7 Digital Communication by Satellite (p. 237)
• 9.3.8 Very Small Aperture Terminal (VSAT) Networks (p. 238)
• 9.4 Fiber Optic Communication Links (p. 240)
• 9.4.1 Applications (p. 240)
• 9.4.2 Introduction to Optical Fiber as a Transmission Medium (p. 241)
• 9.4.3 Types of Optical Fiber (p. 243)
• 9.4.4 Splices and Connectors (p. 244)
• 9.4.5 Light Sources (p. 245)
• 9.4.6 Light Detectors (p. 247)
• 9.4.7 Optical Fiber Amplifiers (p. 248)
• 9.4.8 Wavelength Division Multiplexing (p. 249)
• 9.4.9 Fiber Optic Link Design (p. 250)
• 9.5 Coaxial Cable Transmission Systems (p. 253)
• 9.5.1 Introduction (p. 253)
• 9.5.2 Description (p. 254)
• 9.5.3 Cable Characteristics (p. 254)
• 9.6 Transmission Media Summary (p. 255)
• Review Exercises (p. 257)
• References (p. 258)
• Chapter 10 Data Communications (p. 261)
• 10.1 Objective (p. 261)
• 10.2 The Bit: A Review (p. 261)
• 10.3 Removing Ambiguity: Binary Convention (p. 262)
• 10.4 Coding (p. 262)
• 10.5 Errors in Data Transmission (p. 264)
• 10.5.1 Introduction (p. 264)
• 10.5.2 Nature of Errors (p. 265)
• 10.5.3 Error Detection and Correction (p. 265)
• 10.6 dc Nature of Data Transmission (p. 268)
• 10.6.1 dc Loops (p. 268)
• 10.6.2 Neutral and Polar dc Data Transmission Systems (p. 268)
• 10.7 Binary Transmission and the Concept of Time (p. 269)
• 10.7.1 Introduction (p. 269)
• 10.7.2 Asynchronous and Synchronous Transmission (p. 270)
• 10.7.3 Timing (p. 272)
• 10.7.4 Bits, Bauds, and Symbols (p. 273)
• 10.7.5 Digital Data Waveforms (p. 274)
• 10.8 Data Interface: The Physical Layer (p. 275)
• 10.9 Digital Transmission on an Analog Channel (p. 277)
• 10.9.1 Introduction (p. 277)
• 10.9.2 Modulation-Demodulation Schemes (p. 277)
• 10.9.3 Critical Impairments to the Transmission of Data (p. 278)
• 10.9.4 Channel Capacity (p. 282)
• 10.9.5 Modem Selection Considerations (p. 282)
• 10.9.6 Equalization (p. 285)
• 10.9.7 Data Transmission on the Digital Network (p. 286)
• 10.10 What Are Data Protocols? (p. 288)
• 10.10.1 Basic Protocol Functions (p. 289)
• 10.10.2 Open Systems Interconnection (p. 290)
• 10.10.3 High-Level Data Link Control: A Typical Link-Layer Protocol (p. 294)
• Review Exercises (p. 298)
• References (p. 299)
• Chapter 11 Enterprise Networks I: Local Area Networks (p. 301)
• 11.1 What Do Enterprise Networks Do? (p. 301)
• 11.2 Local Area Networks (LANs) (p. 301)
• 11.3 LAN Topologies (p. 302)
• 11.4 Baseband LAN Transmission Considerations (p. 304)
• 11.5 Overview of ANSI/IEEE LAN Protocols (p. 305)
• 11.5.1 Introduction (p. 305)
• 11.5.2 How LAN Protocols Relate to OSI (p. 305)
• 11.5.3 Logical Link Control (p. 306)
• 11.6 LAN Access Protocols (p. 309)
• 11.6.1 Introduction (p. 309)
• 11.6.2 CSMA and CSMA/CD Access Techniques (p. 309)
• 11.6.3 Token Ring (p. 319)
• 11.6.4 Fiber Distributed Data Interface (p. 322)
• 11.7 LAN Interworking via Spanning Devices (p. 327)
• 11.7.1 Repeaters (p. 327)
• 11.7.2 LAN Bridges (p. 327)
• 11.7.3 Routers (p. 330)
• 11.7.4 Hubs and Switching Hubs (p. 330)
• Review Exercises (p. 331)
• References (p. 332)
• Chapter 12 Enterprise Networks II: Wide Area Networks (p. 333)
• 12.1 Wide Area Network Deployment (p. 333)
• 12.1.1 Introductory Comments (p. 333)
• 12.2 Packet Data Communications Based on CCITT Rec. X.25 (p. 336)
• 12.2.1 Introduction to CCITT Rec. X.25 (p. 336)
• 12.2.2 X.25 Architecture and Its Relationship to OSI (p. 336)
• 12.2.3 Tracing the Life of a Virtual Call (p. 343)
• 12.3 TCP/IP and Related Protocols (p. 344)
• 12.4 Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) (p. 352)
• 12.4.1 Background and Objectives (p. 352)
• 12.4.2 ISDN Structures (p. 353)
• 12.4.3 User Access and Interface Structures (p. 354)
• 12.4.4 ISDN Protocols and Protocol Issues (p. 356)
• 12.4.5 ISDN Networks (p. 358)
• 12.4.6 ISDN Protocol Structures (p. 359)
• 12.4.7 Primary Rate Interfaces (p. 362)
• 12.4.8 Overview of Layer 2, ISDN D-Channel, LAPD Protocol (p. 363)
• 12.4.9 Overview of Layer 3 (p. 367)
• 12.4.10 ISDN Packet Mode Review (p. 368)
• 12.5 Speeding Up the Network: Frame Relay (p. 371)
• 12.5.1 Rationale and Background (p. 371)
• 12.5.2 Genesis of Frame Relay (p. 373)
• 12.5.3 Introduction to Frame Relay Operation (p. 374)
• 12.5.4 Frame Structure (p. 375)
• 12.5.5 Traffic and Billing on a Frame Relay Network (p. 000)
• 12.5.6 Congestion Control: A Discussion (p. 378)
• 12.5.7 Quality of Service Parameters (p. 380)
• Review Exercises (p. 381)
• References (p. 383)
• Chapter 13 CCITT Signaling System No. 7 (p. 385)
• 13.1 Introduction (p. 385)
• 13.2 Overview of SS No. 7 Architecture (p. 386)
• 13.3 SS No. 7: Relationship to OSI (p. 386)
• 13.4 Signaling System Structure (p. 388)
• 13.4.1 Signaling Network Management (p. 390)
• 13.5 Signaling Data Link Layer (Layer 1) (p. 391)
• 13.6 Signaling Link Layer (Layer 2) (p. 392)
• 13.6.1 Basic Signal Unit Format (p. 392)
• 13.6.2 Error Detection (p. 393)
• 13.6.3 Error Correction (p. 000)
• 13.6.4 Flow Control (p. 394)
• 13.6.5 Basic Signal Unit Format (p. 394)
• 13.7 Signaling Network Functions and Messages (Layer 3) (p. 396)
• 13.7.1 Introduction (p. 396)
• 13.7.2 Signaling Message-Handling Functions (p. 397)
• 13.8 Signaling Network Structure (p. 398)
• 13.8.1 Introduction (p. 398)
• 13.8.2 International and National Signaling Networks (p. 399)
• 13.9 Signaling Performance: Message Transfer Part (p. 400)
• 13.9.1 Basic Performance Parameters (p. 400)
• 13.9.2 Traffic Characteristics (p. 400)
• 13.9.3 Transmission Parameters (p. 400)
• 13.9.4 Signaling Link Delays over Terrestrial and Satellite Links (p. 400)
• 13.10 Numbering Plan for International Signaling Point Codes (p. 401)
• 13.11 Signaling Connection Control Part (SCCP) (p. 402)
• 13.11.1 Introduction (p. 402)
• 13.11.2 Services Provided by the SCCP (p. 403)
• 13.11.3 Peer-to-Peer Communication (p. 403)
• 13.11.4 Connection-Oriented Functions: Temporary Signaling Connections (p. 403)
• 13.11.5 Structure of the SCCP (p. 404)
• 13.12 User Parts (p. 405)
• 13.12.1 Introduction (p. 405)
• 13.12.2 Telephone User Part (p. 407)
• Review Exercises (p. 409)
• References (p. 410)
• Chapter 14 Image Communications (p. 413)
• 14.1 Background and Objectives (p. 413)
• 14.2 Appreciation of Video Transmission (p. 413)
• 14.2.1 Additional Definitions (p. 416)
• 14.3 Composite Signal (p. 417)
• 14.4 Critical Video Parameters (p. 419)
• 14.4.1 General (p. 419)
• 14.4.2 Transmission Standard Level (p. 419)
• 14.4.3 Other Parameters (p. 420)
• 14.5 Video Transmission Standards (Criteria for Broadcasters) (p. 421)
• 14.5.1 Color Transmission (p. 421)
• 14.5.2 Standardized Transmission Parameters (Point-to-Point TV) (p. 423)
• 14.6 Methods of Program Channel Transmission (p. 424)
• 14.7 Transmission of Video over LOS Microwave (p. 424)
• 14.7.1 Bandwidth of the Baseband and Baseband Response (p. 425)
• 14.7.2 Preemphasis (p. 425)
• 14.7.3 Differential Gain (p. 425)
• 14.7.4 Differential Phase (p. 425)
• 14.7.5 Signal-to-Noise Ratio (10 kHz to 5 MHz) (p. 426)
• 14.7.6 Continuity Pilot (p. 426)
• 14.8 TV Transmission by Satellite Relay (p. 426)
• 14.9 Digital Television (p. 427)
• 14.9.1 Introduction (p. 427)
• 14.9.2 Basic Digital Television (p. 428)
• 14.9.3 Bit Rate Reduction and Compression Techniques (p. 429)
• 14.9.4 Overview of the MPEG-2 Compression Technique (p. 430)
• 14.10 Conference Television (p. 434)
• 14.10.1 Introduction (p. 434)
• 14.10.2 pX64 Codec (p. 434)
• 14.11 Brief Overview of Frame Transport for Video Conferencing (p. 438)
• 14.11.1 Basic Principle (p. 438)
• Review Exercises (p. 439)
• References (p. 400)
• Chapter 15 Community Antenna Television (Cable Television) (p. 443)
• 15.1 Objective and Scope (p. 443)
• 15.2 Evolution of CATV (p. 444)
• 15.2.1 Beginnings (p. 444)
• 15.2.2 Early System Layouts (p. 445)
• 15.3 System Impairments and Performance Measures (p. 446)
• 15.3.1 Overview (p. 446)
• 15.3.2 dBmV and Its Applications (p. 446)
• 15.3.3 Thermal Noise in CATV Systems (p. 447)
• 15.3.4 Signal-to-Noise (S/N) Ratio versus Carrier-to-Noise (C/N) Ratio in CATV Systems (p. 448)
• 15.3.5 Problem of Cross-Modulation (Xm) (p. 450)
• 15.3.6 Gains and Levels for CATV Amplifiers (p. 451)
• 15.3.7 Underlying Coaxial Cable System (p. 452)
• 15.3.8 Taps (p. 453)
• 15.4 Hybrid Fiber-Coax (HFC) Systems (p. 454)
• 15.4.1 Design of the Fiber Optic Portion of an HFC System (p. 455)
• 15.5 Digital Transmission of CATV Signals (p. 460)
• 15.5.1 Approaches (p. 460)
• 15.5.2 Transmission of Uncompressed Video on CATV Trunks (p. 460)
• 15.5.3 Compressed Video (p. 460)
• 15.6 Two-Way CATV Systems (p. 462)
• 15.6.1 Introduction (p. 462)
• 15.6.2 Impairments Peculiar to Upstream Service (p. 464)
• 15.7 Two-Way Voice and Data over CATV Systems According to the IEEE 802.14 Committee Standard (p. 465)
• 15.7.1 General (p. 465)
• 15.7.2 Overview of the Medium Access Control (p. 466)
• 15.7.3 Overview of the Physical Layer (p. 466)
• 15.7.4 Other General Information (p. 467)
• 15.7.5 Medium Access Control (p. 467)
• 15.7.6 Physical Layer Description (p. 468)
• 15.7.7 Upstream Physical Layer Specification (p. 472)
• Review Exercises (p. 473)
• References (p. 474)
• Chapter 16 Cellular and PCS Radio Systems (p. 477)
• 16.1 Introduction (p. 477)
• 16.1.1 Background (p. 477)
• 16.1.2 Scope and Objective (p. 478)
• 16.2 Basic Concepts of Cellular Radio (p. 478)
• 16.3 Radio Propagation in the Mobile Environment (p. 482)
• 16.3.1 Propagation Problem (p. 482)
• 16.3.2 Propagation Models (p. 483)
• 16.4 Impairments: Fading in the Mobile Environment (p. 485)
• 16.4.1 Introduction (p. 485)
• 16.4.2 Diversity: A Technique to Mitigate the Effects of Fading and Dispersion (p. 486)
• 16.4.3 Cellular Radio Path Calculations (p. 488)
• 16.5 Cellular Radio Bandwidth Dilemma (p. 488)
• 16.5.1 Background and Objectives (p. 488)
• 16.5.2 Bit Rate Reduction of the Digital Voice Channel (p. 489)
• 16.6 Network Access Techniques (p. 489)
• 16.6.1 Introduction (p. 489)
• 16.6.2 Frequency Division Multiple Access (p. 489)
• 16.6.3 Time Division Multiple Access (p. 490)
• 16.6.4 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) (p. 493)
• 16.7 Frequency Reuse (p. 497)
• 16.8 Personal Communication Services (p. 499)
• 16.8.1 Defining Personal Communications (p. 499)
• 16.8.2 Narrowband Microcell Propagation at PCS Distances (p. 500)
• 16.9 Cordless Telephone Technology (p. 504)
• 16.9.1 Background (p. 504)
• 16.9.2 North American Cordless Telephones (p. 504)
• 16.9.3 European Cordless Telephones (p. 504)
• 16.10 Wireless LANs (p. 505)
• 16.11 Mobile Satellite Communications (p. 506)
• 16.11.1 Background and Scope (p. 506)
• 16.11.2 Two Typical LEO Systems (p. 507)
• 16.11.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of LEO Systems (p. 507)
• Review Exercises (p. 507)
• References (p. 509)
• Chapter 17 Advanced Broadband Digital Transport Formats (p. 511)
• 17.1 Introduction (p. 511)
• 17.2 Sonet (p. 512)
• 17.2.1 Introduction and Background (p. 512)
• 17.2.2 Synchronous Signal Structure (p. 512)
• 17.2.3 Line Rates for Standard Sonet Interface Signals (p. 522)
• 17.2.4 Add-Drop Multiplex (p. 522)
• 17.3 Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (p. 524)
• 17.3.1 Introduction (p. 524)
• 17.3.2 SDH Standard Bit Rates (p. 524)
• 17.3.3 Interface and Frame Structure of SDH (p. 524)
• Review Exercises (p. 531)
• References (p. 532)
• Chapter 18 Asynchronous Transfer Mode (p. 533)
• 18.1 Evolving Toward ATM (p. 533)
• 18.2 Introduction to ATM (p. 534)
• 18.3 User-Network Interface and Architecture (p. 536)
• 18.4 ATM Cell: Key to Operation (p. 538)
• 18.4.1 ATM Cell Structure (p. 538)
• 18.4.2 Idle Cells (p. 542)
• 18.5 Cell Delineation and Scrambling (p. 543)
• 18.6 ATM Layering and B-ISDN (p. 543)
• 18.6.1 Physical Layer (p. 543)
• 18.6.2 ATM Layer (p. 545)
• 18.6.3 ATM Adaptation Layer (p. 546)
• 18.7 Services: Connection-Oriented and Connectionless (p. 549)
• 18.7.1 Functional Architecture (p. 550)
• 18.8 B-ISDN/ATM Routing and Switching (p. 551)
• 18.8.1 Virtual Channel Level (p. 551)
• 18.8.2 Virtual Path Level (p. 551)
• 18.9 Signaling Requirements (p. 552)
• 18.9.1 Setup and Release of VCCs (p. 552)
• 18.9.2 Signaling Virtual Channels (p. 552)
• 18.10 Quality of Service (p. 554)
• 18.10.1 ATM Quality of Service Review (p. 554)
• 18.10.2 Selected QoS Parameter Descriptions (p. 554)
• 18.11 Traffic Control and Congestion Control (p. 555)
• 18.12 Transporting ATM Cells (p. 556)
• 18.12.1 In the DS3 Frame (p. 556)
• 18.12.2 DS1 Mapping (p. 557)
• 18.12.3 E1 Mapping (p. 558)
• 18.12.4 Mapping ATM Cells into SDH (p. 558)
• 18.12.5 Mapping ATM Cells into SONET (p. 560)
• Review Exercises (p. 561)
• References (p. 562)
• Appendix A Review of Fundamentals of Electricity With Telecommunication Applications (p. 563)
• A.1 Objective (p. 563)
• A.2 What Is Electricity? (p. 563)
• A.2.1 Electromotive Force and Voltage (p. 564)
• A.2.2 Resistance (p. 565)
• A.3 Ohm's Law (p. 565)
• A.3.1 Voltages and Resistances in a Closed Electric Circuit (p. 566)
• A.3.2 Resistance of Conductors (p. 567)
• A.4 Resistances in Series and in Parallel, and Kirchhoff's Laws (p. 568)
• A.4.1 Kirchhoff's First Law (p. 569)
• A.4.2 Kirchhoff's Second Law (p. 571)
• A.4.3 Hints on Solving dc Network Problems (p. 572)
• A.5 Electric Power in dc Circuits (p. 573)
• A.6 Introduction to Alternating Current Circuits (p. 574)
• A.6.1 Magnetism and Magnetic Fields (p. 575)
• A.6.2 Electromagnetism (p. 575)
• A.7 Inductance and Capacitance (p. 576)
• A.7.1 What Happens when We Close a Switch on an Inductive Circuit? (p. 576)
• A.7.2 RC Circuits and the Time Constant (p. 580)
• A.8 Alternating Currents (p. 582)
• A.8.1 Calculating Power in ac Circuits (p. 586)
• A.8.2 Ohm's Law Applied to Alternating Current Circuits (p. 586)
• A.8.3 Calculating Impedance (p. 589)
• A.9 Resistance in ac Circuits (p. 591)
• A.10 Resonance (p. 591)
• References (p. 592)
• Appendix B Review of Mathematics for Telecommunication Applications
• B.1 Objective and Scope (p. 593)
• B.2 Introduction (p. 593)
• B.2.1 Symbols and Notation (p. 593)
• B.2.2 Function Concept (p. 594)
• B.2.3 Using the Sigma Notation (p. 594)
• B.3 Introductory Algebra (p. 595)
• B.3.1 Review of the Laws of Signs (p. 595)
• B.3.2 Conventions with Factors and Parentheses (p. 595)
• B.3.3 Simple Linear Algebraic Equations (p. 597)
• B.3.4 Quadratic Equations (p. 599)
• B.3.5 Solving Two Simultaneous Linear Equations with Two Unknowns (p. 600)
• B.4 Logarithms to the Base 10 (p. 602)
• B.4.1 Definition of Logarithm (p. 602)
• B.5 Essentials of Trigonometry (p. 604)
• B.5.1 Definitions of Trigonometric Functions (p. 604)
• B.5.2 Trigonometric Function Values for Angles Greater than 90[degrees] (p. 606)
• References (p. 608)
• Appendix C Learning Decibels and Their Applications (p. 609)
• C.1 Learning Decibel Basics (p. 609)
• C.2 dBm and dBW (p. 614)
• C.3 Volume Unit (p. 616)
• C.4 Using Decibels with Signal Currents and Voltages (p. 616)
• C.5 Calculating a Numeric Value Given a dB Value (p. 618)
• C.5.1 Calculating Watt and Milliwatt Values Given dBW and dBm Values (p. 619)
• C.6 Addition of dBs and Derived Units (p. 620)
• C.7 dB Applied to the Voice Channel (p. 621)
• C.8 Insertion Loss and Insertion Gain (p. 625)
• C.9 Return Loss (p. 626)
• C.10 Relative Power Level: dBm0, pWp0, and so on (p. 628)
• C.10.1 Definition of Relative Power Level (p. 628)
• C.10.2 Definition of Transmission Reference Point (p. 628)
• C.11 dBi (p. 630)
• C.11.1 dBd (p. 630)
• C.12 EIRP (p. 631)
• References
• Appendix D Acronyms and Abbreviations (p. 633)
• Index (p. 645)

Author notes provided by Syndetics

ROGER L. FREEMAN is founder and Principal of Roger Freeman Associates, independent telecommunications consultants, specializing in system engineering in the United States, Canada, and Hispanic America. In the course of over forty-five years' experience in telecommunications operations, maintenance, and engineering, he has served as principal engineer for advanced system planning at the Raytheon Company, technical manager for ITT Marine Europe, and regional planning expert for the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), among other positions. In addition to the previous edition of Fundamentals of Telecommunications , Mr. Freeman has written six other books on the subject of telecommunications engineering: Reference Manual for Telecommunications Engineering, Third Edition; Fiber -Optic Systems for Telecommunications ; Telecommunication System Engineering, Fourth Edition; Radio System Design for Telecommunications , Second Edition; Practical Data Communications , Second Edition; and Telecommunications Transmission Handbook , Fourth Edition, all published by Wiley. A senior life member of the IEEE, Roger Freeman has lectured at numerous professional conferences and published widely in international telecommunication journals.