Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

This comprehensive, research-based text examines the major theories of prejudice and stereotyping. Though the focus of this book is on empirical studies, author Todd D. Nelson has synthesized the data and presented it in a way that readers should find more interesting. This book is intended to stimulate critical thinking about what causes, maintains and reduces prejudice and stereotyping, while also relaying the historical background on the birth of research on stereotypes.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

• Preface (p. ix)
• 1 Introduction to the Study of Stereotyping and Prejudice (p. 1)
• Defining Stereotype (p. 4)
• Lippman's "Stereotype" (p. 4)
• Stereotyping: From Bad to Neutral (p. 4)
• The Social-Cognitive Definition (p. 5)
• Cultural and Individual Stereotypes (p. 6)
• Is a Stereotype an Attitude? (p. 6)
• Positive versus Negative Stereotypes (p. 7)
• Defining Prejudice (p. 7)
• Prejudice as Negative Affect (p. 7)
• Prejudice as an Attitude (p. 8)
• Prejudice as a "Social Emotion" (p. 9)
• The Link between Stereotyping and Prejudice (p. 11)
• Early Perspectives in Stereotyping Research (p. 12)
• Measurement (p. 12)
• Individual Differences in Stereotyping (p. 13)
• Group-Level Explanations (p. 15)
• The Social Cognition Revolution (p. 15)
• Cognitive Consistency Theories (p. 16)
• Attribution Theory (p. 16)
• The Social Cognition View of Stereotyping and Prejudice (p. 18)
• Categorization (p. 18)
• The Cognitive Miser (p. 20)
• The Motivated Tactician (p. 21)
• Why the Emphasis on Black/White Intergroup Relations? (p. 22)
• Summary (p. 23)
• Glossary (p. 24)
• Discussion Questions (p. 24)
• Internet Resources (p. 25)
• 2 Origin and Maintenance of Stereotypes and Prejudice (p. 26)
• The Formation of Stereotypes (p. 26)
• Categorization (p. 26)
• Why We Categorize (p. 27)
• Types of Categorization (p. 27)
• Ingroups and Outgroups (p. 28)
• Social Learning (p. 31)
• Implicit Theories (p. 36)
• The Efficiency of Stereotypes (p. 36)
• How and Why Stereotypes Are Maintained (p. 38)
• Selective Attention to Stereotype-Relevant Information (p. 38)
• Subcategorization (p. 40)
• Illusory Correlations (p. 41)
• Motivation (p. 44)
• Origins of Prejudice (p. 46)
• Social Identity Theory (p. 46)
• Optimal Distinctiveness Theory (p. 48)
• Scapegoat Theory (p. 48)
• Relative Deprivation (p. 49)
• Realistic Conflict Theory (p. 50)
• Summary (p. 53)
• Glossary (p. 54)
• Discussion Questions (p. 55)
• Internet Resources (p. 55)
• 3 Feeling versus Thinking in the Activation of Stereotypes (p. 56)
• Mood (p. 56)
• Types of Intergroup Affect (p. 58)
• Influence of Positive Affect (p. 62)
• Effects of Negative Affect (p. 63)
• Motivational versus Cognitive Capacity Deficits (p. 64)
• Cognition (p. 65)
• Implicit Cognition (p. 65)
• Subliminal Messages (p. 65)
• Implicit Memory (p. 67)
• Implicit Stereotyping (p. 68)
• Stereotype Suppression (p. 76)
• Issues for Future Research (p. 81)
• Summary (p. 82)
• Glossary (p. 83)
• Discussion Questions (p. 83)
• Internet Resources (p. 84)
• 4 The Prejudiced Personality: Are Some People More Likely to Feel Prejudice? (p. 85)
• Psychodynamic Perspectives (p. 87)
• Authoritarianism (p. 87)
• Character-Conditioned Prejudice (p. 87)
• Problems with the Psychodynamic Approach (p. 88)
• Right-Wing Authoritarianism (p. 89)
• Religion (p. 90)
• Committed versus Consensual Religiosity (p. 93)
• Extrinsic versus Intrinsic Religious Orientation (p. 94)
• Religion as Quest (p. 95)
• Need for Cognition (p. 98)
• Need for Structure (p. 99)
• Need for Cognitive Closure (p. 100)
• Social Dominance Orientation (p. 102)
• Summary (p. 105)
• Glossary (p. 106)
• Discussion Questions (p. 107)
• Internet Resources (p. 107)
• 5 Old-Fashioned versus Modern Racism (p. 108)
• Where Have All the Bigots Gone? (p. 108)
• From Katz and Braly (1933) to Civil Rights, and Beyond (p. 109)
• Are Low-Prejudiced People Really Low-Prejudiced? (p. 110)
• Modern Racism (p. 112)
• Symbolic Racism (p. 113)
• Aversive Racism (p. 114)
• Summary of Contemporary Theories of Prejudice (p. 115)
• Measures of Stereotyping and Prejudice (p. 116)
• Self-Report Questionnaires (p. 116)
• The Bogus Pipeline (p. 118)
• Measuring Stereotyping (p. 121)
• Measuring Prejudice (p. 122)
• Priming and Reaction Times--The True Measure? (p. 123)
• Summary: Is There Such a Thing as Modern Prejudice? (p. 127)
• Glossary (p. 128)
• Discussion Questions (p. 128)
• Internet Resources (p. 129)
• 6 Experiencing Prejudice (p. 130)
• Social Stigma (p. 130)
• Group Identification (p. 132)
• Stereotype Threat (p. 132)
• Self-Esteem (p. 139)
• Denial of Discrimination (p. 140)
• Self-Fulfilling Prophecy (p. 141)
• Intergroup Interactions (p. 143)
• Dynamic Nature of Interactions (p. 143)
• Expectations (p. 146)
• Intergroup Anxiety (p. 147)
• Metastereotypes (p. 147)
• Attributional Ambiguity (p. 148)
• The Paradoxical Effects of Affirmative Action (p. 154)
• Perceived Controllability of the Stigma (p. 155)
• Summary (p. 156)
• Glossary (p. 157)
• Discussion Questions (p. 157)
• Internet Resources (p. 157)
• 7 Ageism (p. 158)
• Why Ageism? (and What about Other "-isms"?) (p. 158)
• Does Ageism Really Exist? (p. 160)
• Age Stereotypes: Content and Use (p. 162)
• Positive Attitudes and Positive Stereotypes (p. 163)
• Effects of Pseudopositive Attitudes (p. 164)
• Patronizing Language (p. 164)
• Patronizing Behavior (p. 166)
• Effects of Pseudopositive Attitudes on Older People (p. 167)
• Ageism in the Helping Professions (p. 169)
• Origins of Ageism (p. 170)
• Age Grading of Society (p. 170)
• From Sage to Burden (p. 171)
• Modernization (p. 172)
• Idealism (p. 172)
• Maintenance of Ageism (p. 172)
• Functional Perspective (p. 172)
• Conflict (p. 173)
• Self-Threat, Self-Esteem, and Terror Management (p. 174)
• Juvenile Ageism (p. 175)
• Beliefs and Expectations about Old Age (p. 176)
• Beliefs and Expectations of Young People about Aging (p. 176)
• Expectations of Older People about Aging (p. 177)
• Age Discrimination (p. 178)
• Prominence of Age as a Variable in Social Perception (p. 180)
• Contact with Older People (p. 182)
• Negative Expectations about Intergenerational Contact (p. 183)
• Negative Schemas about Older People (p. 183)
• Cross-Cultural Differences in Ageism (p. 185)
• Eastern versus Western Views (p. 185)
• Issues for Future Research (p. 186)
• Measurement (p. 187)
• You're Really as Old (or Young) as You Feel (p. 187)
• Stereotype Knowledge or Stereotype Belief? (p. 189)
• Evaluating Prejudiced Attitudes (p. 189)
• Summary (p. 189)
• Glossary (p. 190)
• Discussion Questions (p. 191)
• Internet Resources (p. 191)
• 8 Sexism (p. 192)
• Gender Stereotypes (p. 194)
• Measurement of Gender Stereotypes (p. 196)
• Origin of Gender Stereotypes (p. 198)
• Religion (p. 198)
• Social Learning (p. 199)
• Cultural Institutions (p. 200)
• Evolution versus Social Roles (p. 204)
• Power (p. 208)
• Accuracy of Gender Stereotypes (p. 209)
• Sexist Language (p. 210)
• Types of Sexism (p. 212)
• Old-fashioned versus Modern Sexism (p. 212)
• Neosexism (p. 214)
• Benevolent versus Hostile Sexism (p. 215)
• Effects of Sexism on Women (p. 217)
• Gender Discrimination (p. 219)
• Distancing Behavior (p. 219)
• Job Opportunities (p. 220)
• The Glass Ceiling (p. 222)
• Summary (p. 224)
• Glossary (p. 225)
• Discussion Questions (p. 226)
• Internet Resources (p. 226)
• 9 Reducing Prejudice (p. 228)
• The Contact Hypothesis (p. 229)
• Allport's Contact Hypothesis (p. 230)
• Tests of the Contact Hypothesis (p. 231)
• Pettigrew's Reformulated Contact Theory (p. 231)
• Sherif's Robber's Cave Study: The Superordinate Goal (p. 233)
• Common Ingroup Identity (p. 234)
• The "Confrontation Technique" of Rokeach (p. 235)
• The Jigsaw Classroom (p. 236)
• Education, Empathy, and Role-Playing (p. 238)
• The Color-Blind Approach (p. 239)
• Current Approaches to Prejudice Reduction (p. 241)
• Functional Approach (p. 243)
• Normative Influence (p. 244)
• Self-Regulation (p. 245)
• Summary (p. 248)
• Glossary (p. 249)
• Discussion Questions (p. 250)
• Internet Resources (p. 251)
• 10 Trends and Unanswered Questions in Prejudice Research (p. 252)
• Prejudice against Other Groups (p. 252)
• Overweight Persons (p. 253)
• Attitudes toward Lesbians and Gay Men (p. 255)
• Physically Challenged (p. 256)
• Understanding the Dynamic Nature of Intergroup Interactions (p. 257)
• Motivation and Prejudice (p. 260)
• Implicit and Automatic Stereotyping (p. 262)
• To Individuate, or Stereotype? That IS the Question (p. 262)
• Summary (p. 264)
• Glossary (p. 265)
• Discussion Questions (p. 265)
• Internet Resources (p. 265)
• References (p. 267)
• Author Index (p. 301)
• Subject Index (p. 306)