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Chemical thermodynamics : basic concepts and methods / Irving M. Klotz, Robert M. Rosenberg.

By: Klotz, Irving M. (Irving Myron), 1916-2005.
Contributor(s): Rosenberg, Robert M, 1926-.
Material type: materialTypeLabelBookPublisher: Hoboken, N.J. : Wiley, 2008Edition: 7th ed.Description: xxi, 563 p. : ill. ; 25 cm. + hbk.ISBN: 9780471780151.Subject(s): ThermodynamicsDDC classification: 541.369
Contents:
Introduction -- Mathematical preparation for thermodynamics -- The first law of thermodynamics -- Enthalpy, enthalpy of reaction and heat capacity -- Applications of the first law to gases -- The second law of thermodynamics -- Equilibrium and spontaneity for systems at constant temperature -- Application of the Gibbs function and the Plank function to some phase changes -- Thermodynamics of systems of variable composition -- Mixtures of gases and equilibrium in gaseous mixtures -- The third law of thermodynamics -- Application of the Gibbs function to chemical changes -- The phase rule -- The ideal solution -- Dilute solutions of nonelectrolytes -- Activities, excess Gibbs functions and standard states for nonelectrolytes -- Determination of nonelectrolyte activities and excess Gibbs functions from experimental data -- Calculation of partial molar quantities and excess molar quantities from experimental data: Volume and enthalpy -- Activity, activity coefficients and osmotic coefficients of strong electrolytes -- Changes in Gibbs function for processes in solutions -- Systems subject to a gravitational or a centrifugal field -- Estimation of thermodynamic quantities -- Concluding remarks.

Enhanced descriptions from Syndetics:

A completely updated, expanded edition of a longstanding and influential text on chemical thermodynamics Covers the logical foundations and interrelationships of thermodynamics and their application to problems that are commonly encountered by the chemist. Explanations of abstract concepts in a clear and simple, yet still rigorous fashion Logical arrangement of the material to facilitate learning, including worked out examples. Computational techniques, graphical, numerical, and analytical, are described fully and are used frequently, both in illustrative and in assigned problems.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Introduction -- Mathematical preparation for thermodynamics -- The first law of thermodynamics -- Enthalpy, enthalpy of reaction and heat capacity -- Applications of the first law to gases -- The second law of thermodynamics -- Equilibrium and spontaneity for systems at constant temperature -- Application of the Gibbs function and the Plank function to some phase changes -- Thermodynamics of systems of variable composition -- Mixtures of gases and equilibrium in gaseous mixtures -- The third law of thermodynamics -- Application of the Gibbs function to chemical changes -- The phase rule -- The ideal solution -- Dilute solutions of nonelectrolytes -- Activities, excess Gibbs functions and standard states for nonelectrolytes -- Determination of nonelectrolyte activities and excess Gibbs functions from experimental data -- Calculation of partial molar quantities and excess molar quantities from experimental data: Volume and enthalpy -- Activity, activity coefficients and osmotic coefficients of strong electrolytes -- Changes in Gibbs function for processes in solutions -- Systems subject to a gravitational or a centrifugal field -- Estimation of thermodynamic quantities -- Concluding remarks.

Table of contents provided by Syndetics

  • Preface
  • 1 Introduction
  • 1.1 Origins of Chemical Thermodynamics
  • 1.2 Objectives of Chemical Thermodynamics
  • 1.3 Limitations of Classic Thermodynamics
  • References
  • 2 Mathematical Preparation For Thermodynamics
  • 2.1 Variables of Thermodynamics
  • Extensive and Intensive Quantities
  • Units and Conversion Factors
  • 2.2 Analytic Methods
  • Partial Differentiation
  • Exact Differentials
  • Homogeneous Functions
  • Exercises
  • References
  • 3 The First Law of Thermodynamics
  • 3.1 Definitions
  • Temperature
  • Work
  • 3.2 The First Law of Thermodynamics
  • Energy
  • Heat
  • General Form of the First Law
  • Exercises
  • References
  • 4 Enthalpy, Enthalpy of Reaction, and Heat Capacity
  • 4.1 Enthalpy
  • Definition
  • Relationship between Q v and Q p
  • 4.2 Enthalpy of Reactions
  • Definitions and Conventions
  • 4.3 Enthalpy as a State Function
  • Enthalpy of Formation from Enthalpy of Reaction
  • Enthalpy of Formation from Enthalpy of Combustion
  • Enthalpy of Transition from Enthalpy of Combustion
  • Enthalpy of Conformational Transition of a Protein from Indirect Calorimetric Measurements
  • Enthalpy of Solid-State Reaction from Measurements of Enthalpy of Solution
  • 4.4 Bond Enthalpies
  • Definition of Bond Enthalpies
  • Calculation of Bond Enthalpies
  • Enthalpy of Reaction from Bond Enthalpies
  • 4.5 Heat Capacity
  • Definition
  • Some Relationships between C p and C v
  • Heat Capacities of Gases
  • Heat Capacities of Solids
  • Heat Capacities of Liquids
  • Other Sources of Heat Capacity Data
  • 4.6 Enthalpy of Reaction as a Function of Temperature
  • Analytic Method
  • Arithmetic Method
  • Graphical or Numerical Methods
  • Exercises
  • References
  • 5 Applications of the First Law to Gases
  • 5.1 Ideal Gases
  • Definition
  • Enthalpy as a Function of Temperature Only
  • Relationship Between C p and C v
  • Calculation of the Thermodynamic Changes in Expansion Processes
  • 5.2 Real Gases
  • Equations of State
  • Joule-Thomson Effect
  • Calculations of Thermodynamic Quantities in Reversible Expansions
  • Exercises
  • References
  • 6 The Second Law of Thermodynamics
  • 6.1 The Need for a Second Law
  • 6.2 The Nature of the Second Law
  • Natural Tendencies Toward Equilibrium
  • Statement of the Second Law
  • Mathematical Counterpart of the Verbal Statement
  • 6.3 The Carnot Cycle
  • The Forward Cycle
  • The Reverse Cycle
  • Alternative Statement of the Second Law
  • Carnot's Theorem
  • 6.4 The Thermodynamic Temperature Scale
  • 6.5 The Definition of S, the Entropy of a System
  • 6.6 The Proof that S is a Thermodynamic Property
  • Any Substance in a Carnot Cycle
  • Any Substance in Any Reversible Cycle
  • Entropy S Depends Only on the State of the System
  • 6.7 Entropy Changes in Reversible Processes
  • General Statement
  • Isothermal Reversible Changes
  • Adiabatic Reversible Changes
  • Reversible Phase Transitions
  • Isobaric Reversible Temperature Changes
  • Isochoric Reversible Temperature Changes
  • 6.8 Entropy Changes in Irreversible Processes
  • Irreversible Isothermal Expansion of an Ideal Gas
  • Irreversible Adiabatic Expansion of an Ideal Gas
  • Irreversible Flow of Heat from a Higher Temperature to a Lower Temperature
  • Irreversible Phase Transitions
  • Irreversible Chemical Reactions
  • General Statement
  • 6.9 General Equations for the Entropy of Gases
  • Entropy of the Ideal Gas
  • Entropy of a Real Gas
  • 6.10 Temperature-Entropy Diagram
  • 6.11 Entropy as an Index of Exh

Author notes provided by Syndetics

Irving M. Klotz, PhD , deceased, was a noted expert in chemical thermodynamics and the physical chemistry of proteins. Dr. Klotz was elected to the American Academy of Arts & Sciences in 1968 and the National Academy of Sciences in 1970. He joined the Northwestern faculty in 1940 and retired in 1986. Dr. Klotz was named a Fellow of the Royal Society of Medicine in 1971 and published more than 200 scientific articles in peer-reviewed journals. He wrote Chemical Thermodynamics: Basic Theory and Methods in 1950. Dr. Rosenberg began working with him as coauthor with the third edition. ROBERT M. ROSENBERG, PhD , is Emeritus Professor of Chemistry at Lawrence University and an Adjunct Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern University.